STRESS AND IT'S MANAGEMENT IN AYURVEDA

STRESS AND IT'S MANAGEMENT IN AYURVEDA Stress on the job creates a variety of symptoms, including anxiety, fatigue, increased anger, problems with relationships, inability to focus properly, stress headaches, insomnia and a variety of stress-related diseases. Stress results when the mind, body or emotions receives an overload of stimulus, whether good or bad. Workplace stress occurs when the mind is not able to handle day-to-day events and challenges. Some people seem to handle daily challenges without any evidence of stress, while others are stressed by the normal changes that the modern workplace presents. This lack of ability to handle daily stress is due to an imbalance, or lack of coordination between the three main mental functions of dhi (learning), dhriti (retention), and smriti (long-term memory). Ayurveda offers many recommendations for strengthening these mental functions, and thus gives the person more resilience to stress. Another cause of stress is people misusing or overusing their minds, which creates an imbalance in Prana Vata, the subdosha of Vata involved with mental functions. For example, when someone takes a job that doesn't suit them or their abilities, or if they use their minds for something that they know is wrong, that is misuse. Overuse simply means working too many hours, which is a common cause of workplace stress today. If left uncorrected, the misuse or overuse of the mind also results in disturbed coordination between dhi, dhriti and smriti. There are many different types of stresses facing the worker today. Let's start with mental stress. When Prana Vata, the subdosha of Vata When Prana and Vyana Vata (the subdosha located in the heart that supports circulation) together are disturbed, it affects not only the mind, but the communication between the heart and the mind, thus creating mental and emotional stress simultaneously. Emotional stress is usually associated with an imbalance in Sadhaka Pitta, the subdosha of Pitta that supports the emotions and is seated in the heart. These imbalances come into play when people are under pressure at work. When feeling stressed, a person with one of these imbalances may have a tendency to blame the boss, the economy or co-workers for his or her problems. While it may be true in some situations that someone's boss is having a negative influence, many other times this blaming pattern is due to an imbalance in Prana Vata, Vyana Vata or Sadhaka Pitta imbalance. Due to these imbalances, the mental functions of dhi, dhriti and smriti do not work together in a coordinated way, or the mind and heart do not communicate normally. Unable to solve his or her own problems due to these imbalances, the person blames others. Unfortunately, the tendency to blame others doesn't help solve the problem, and in fact, only worsens the situation by breaking down relationships on the job. If left unchecked, this imbalance of the doshas sets up a vicious cycle that could even lead to the employee getting fired or laid off. If you find yourself blaming your boss or your co-workers for problems on the job, it's a good idea to look at how you are feeling in other relationships. Are you feeling positive with your friends and family, or are you also blaming them? If the blaming pattern is repeated in other non-work-related relationships, that's a good indication that you need to that supports mental functions, gets disturbed, the coordination between dhi, dhriti and smriti breaks down. Mental stress results. do something to balance your doshas. If you are unable to perceive the reality of life, which is blissful, that is an indication of Pragya-aparadh, or mistake of the intellect. Charaka Samhita, a major ayurvedic text, defines Pragya-aparadh as the lack of coordination between dhi, dhriti and smriti. Pragya-aparadh is the source of all disease, because disease originates when the heart, mind or body becomes loses its connection with nature's intelligence. When we lose the memory of bliss, the connection with our own true nature in pure consciousness, this is the source of disease, stress and ill-health in the body. The recommendations of Ayurveda aim to restore the balanced functioning of the doshas, of mind, body and emotions--and thus to restore the connection of every part of life to bliss consciousness, which is our true nature. It is simply not true that you have to stress yourself in order to achieve. No one can produce or be creative if their dhi, dhriti or smriti is out of balance. It is true that some people thrive in more fast-paced, stimulating jobs. But it's important to understand that for these people, a high degree of challenge and stimulus is not a stress. If someone has 100% balance of dhi, dhriti and smriti, they won't feel stressed no matter what the environment presents to them. This is the ideal, to always feel blissful no matter what the challenge. There are two things that determine how much stress you can handle and still feel blissful on the job. One is your body type. It's not realistic to think, "I can handle any stress," because the amount you can comfortably handle may be less or more than your co-workers, due to differences in your constitution and make-up. As an analogy, you can think about the stress test that is used to test steel. A certain amount of weight is applied to the steel, to test how much stress the steel can handle. Different types of steel have different degrees of strength. In the same way, different people have different abilities to handle stress. But it's also important to increase your capacity to handle stress, since stress is a feature of modern life. No matter what your body type, Ayurveda offers practical ways to increase the coordination between dhi, dhriti and smriti so anyone can pass the stress test at work, at home, or in meeting the challenges of life. It's important to be aware of your set point of comfort, and at the same time to increase coordination of dhi, dhriti and smriti so you are able to handle more stress. There should always be a cushion there, so you are able to feel blissful throughout the day. A person's doshic makeup gives us insights into the types of stress they can handle. For instance, if a person has more Vata dosha predominating, he or she may be more susceptible to mental stress. While many Vata types do well in creative or mental jobs, it could create too much stress if the mental workload is intense. Vata types do best if they have moderately relaxing jobs, without excessive mental or physical activity. Pitta types should avoid jobs that make excessive demands on the emotions, since they are more susceptible to that type of stress. And both Pitta and Vata types should avoid doing jobs that require working at night, as night work imbalances both Vata and Pitta. Kapha types can thrive on jobs that involve intense mental, physical or emotional activity, and even though it's not desirable from an ayurvedic viewpoint, they can handle night work. What is not healthy for a Kapha type is a job that is too relaxing or laid back, because Kapha types need stimulating activity to keep Kapha dosha in balance. Having said this, it's important to realize that you can do any job if you take care to keep your doshas in balance. For instance, many people with Vata body types have very active, demanding jobs, but they are able to main tain their balance through the recommendations of Ayurveda. It all depends on how much you are able to implement the suggestions for maintaining balance. It's best to start today, rather than reading about it and thinking, "That's a good idea. I'll start tomorrow. For many people, tomorrow never comes. Mental, physical, emotional and environmental stress be neutralized through the holistic practices of Ayurveda. Actually, all of these types of stress are interconnected, which is why the methods used to correct them must be holistic and address the source of stress. HERBS TO RELIEVE STRESS To Balance Emotional Stress Blissful Joy balances Sadhaka Pitta, and improves the coordination of heart and mind. Stress Free Emotions is another powerful formulation for emotional health. If you are feeling emotional stress, negativity toward your boss or co-workers, or sadness, try Arjuna, Winter Cherry, Shankapushpi, Mica Bhasma, Pearl Bhasma and Holy Basil to help improve coordination of mind and emotions. Arjuna, Mica Bhasma, Pearl Bhasma, Cabbage Rose and Leptadenia help support emotional stability by improving self-confidence, positive thinking, motivation and feeling of fulfillment. All of the herbs together create the synergistic effect of supporting resistance to emotional stress. Calcium is very important in nourishing the brain and fortifying it against stress. As we discussed earlier, the brain can only use high-quality nutrients. Leftover calcium that is not absorbed will only become ama It doesn't matter how many calcium supplements you take. Unless the calcium is of high quality and includes the herbs for proper absorption by th (toxins), and inhibit the normal functioning of the brain. e brain and the body, they are not going to help you. The Indian Tinospora plant aids metabolism and helps clear the channels between the tissues, thus increasing the flow of nutrients and energy to the cells. Remarkably, along with Hemidesmus Indicus it also purifies and balances the fat tissue, which is the raw material for building healthy bones, teeth, hair and nails. Amla boosts the bioavailability and absorption of calcium, and in combination with Lemon, supports the neutral nature of the formula. Phyllanthus is a rasayana, or healing elixir, for the liver, helping to strengthen and purify the body's ability to digest calcium instead of turning it into ama. ABOUT DIET Foods that increase the ability to handle stress are soaked walnuts, soaked almonds and sweet, juicy fruits. These are medhya, or enlivening to the connection between dhi, dhriti and smriti. Milk also is medhya, as is Ghee. These foods supply the brain with intelligent, easily digestible protein and glucose. To nourish the brain, it's important to combine the best quality glucose and protein together in a balanced way. For example, soak nuts and seeds overnight and then blend them in a drink with dates and raisins. This provides a balance between glucose and protein. Panir (a fresh cheese made from milk), lentils, and other split beans and pulses are also excellent sources of protein for the brain, but because they are naturally a bit heavier, they should be cooked with spices to make them easily digestible. Always use olive oil or Ghee for cooking, and sauté spices such as turmeric, black pepper and cumin. These common spices are excellent aids for nourishing the brain and fortifying it against stress. Turmeric has been found to help prevent Alzheimer's and other degenerative brain diseases. Black pepper enhances the ability to absorb more nutrients from food, thus helping to supply the brain with nutrition and oxygen. Black pepper also has the property of increasing Medhya agni, the agni or digestive process existing in the gap between dhi, dhriti and smriti, which enhances the transformation of thought. Cumin opens the channels of the brain, thus improving coordination. Ginger also helps the brain absorb more nutrients by burning ama, or toxins, from the digestive tract. Eating intelligent foods is extremely important for feeding the brain. If you eat something less intelligent, such as dead, old, packaged, canned or frozen foods, the brain cells are not going to be able to use the food, creating leftovers, or waste-products such as ama. If the situation continues for some time, the more reactive toxin called amavisha can form, which can lead to Alzheimer's and other problems related to the brain. Ama and amavisha also block the channels of communication and flow of intelligence between dhi, dhriti and smriti; between the heart and the mind; and between the brain and hormones throughout the body. If ama is blocking this natural communication, what happens is that people feel fatigued without even working hard. This starts a chain reaction, where brain fatigue causes a worker to make mistakes and wrong decisions on the job, which in turn invites more stress and fatigue. The tendency when this kind of syndrome sets in is to blame others, when in fact, the problem is malnourishment of the brain due to eating foods that are not intelligent and create ama. HOW TO RELIEVE STRESS AT JOB Stretch and breathe deeply even when indoors to energize the body and bring more oxygen to the brain Drinking warm fluids throughout the day also helps in detoxifying and the body. Warm, non-caffeinated fluids also help reduce Vata dosha and mental stress. Many times people experience fatigue and headache on the job due to simple dehydration. This is especially a problem in windowless office buildings that rely on dry, forced air for heating and cooling. If you feel hungry during the workday, eat healthy snacks instead of junk food from vending machines. If you feel at all angry or emotionally stressed, eating a sweet, juicy pear can reduce Pitta dosha and have an immediate effect in balancing your emotions. TO RELIEVE COMPUTER STRESS Keep an indoor plant next to your computer. The plant will provide some cooling, nourishing lunar energy, to counteract the hot, active, solar energy of the computer. Stretch and looking away from the computer every half-hour, to give your eyes and back a rest. Breathe deeply. It also helps to invest in an ergonomic keyboard, which is designed to prevent your back and shoulder muscles from becoming so tense. An ergonomically designed desk and chair also can help, and your company may pay for this. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid hunching over at the computer, as this certainly increases mental and physical stress. Good posture lessens stress on the body and increases the flow of oxygen and energy to the brain. At home, yoga asanas on a daily basis will help relax muscular stress, strengthen the eyes, and promote good posture. Make sure your home activities provide a break from the computer. It's not a good idea to spend your free time watching a screen by playing computer games, doing e-mail, shopping on the Internet or watching TV. At the very least, stop using electro-magnetic devices such as computer or TV by 8:00 p.m. Instead, take a walk in the moonlight, visit a friend, sit under a tree, play a game outdoors with your children, or listen to soothing music. Engage in real conversations and real interactions. There is an interesting phenomenon growing in this country, where some people are basically depriving themselves of real sensory experiences and contact with real people. Instead they engage in virtual reality by working at a computer all day at work, and then when they come home, they continue to watch TV or use the computer. Where are the hours of blissful engagement with nature, with real people and family members in such a lifestyle? It's possible to even become confused as to what is real and what isn't, and to allow TV characters or e-mail correspondents substitute for real friends, real relationships. This is not a healthy situation, and will not lead to real bliss or the growth of enlightenment. And it certainly causes mental, physical and emotional stress. You may notice that the therapies of Ayurveda engage the senses. Aroma therapy, whole foods, natural supplements, massage, music therapy and lifestyle recommendations involve the five senses and connect us with the five elements of earth, water, fire, air and space in some way. We use the senses as a way to create balance and prevent stress, and our whole lifestyle should reflect that kind of balance. Even the technique of Transcendental Meditation uses subtle sound to enliven all of the senses. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP AND STRESS There is a very strong connection between sleep deprivation and stress. If you don't sleep right, you actually lose 200%. This is because healthy sleep creates ojas, the biochemical equivalent of good health, bliss, and a balanced, stress-free body, heart and mind. So if you don't sleep well, or you don't get enough sleep, you will miss out on the benefits of creating ojas. But worse, lack of sleep will create ama, or toxins, which block the channels and destroy communication between dhi, dhriti and smriti; between heart and mind; and between self and mind. Ultimately that means lack of strength to handle day-to-day stress. Stress and sleep are so interconnected that stress almost always is associated with lack of sleep in some way. Sometimes people habitually stay up past 10:00 p.m., and thus create stress in their lives. As stress accumulates and ama continues to destroy the communication between the brain and heart, and the different aspects of the mind, the person finds that they can't sleep even when they want to. The key is to maintain an ayurvedic routine, going to bed well before 10:00 p.m. and rising before sunrise , practice deep breathing exercise in the morning, and meditation. sijusm@gmail.com

ayurveda

The term ‘Ayurveda’ refers to life and health, not death and disease. ‘Ayushyani anayushyani cha dravyagunakaramani vedayathi ithayayaurveda’, says Charaka. Ayus refers to the life from birth to death. Life is in fact, synonymous with ayus. That which facilitates ayus is ayushayam; anayushyam is what interferes with it.

‘Dravyas’ means food and medicine. The properties and application of these articles enable us to use them judiciously. Vedas refer to knowledge. Accepting what is desirable and refusing the undesirable is knowledge. Ayurveda is an appreciation of life. It teaches how you should live. You, everybody and I want to enjoy life. To enjoy life we have to be healthy. What makes you healthy and how you can be healthy constitutes the content of ayurveda. The guiding principle of Ayurveda is that the mind exerts the deepest influence on the body. This state of balanced awareness creates a higher state of health. Ayurvedic medicine stresses a holistic approach to health. It defines disease as the result of climatic variations, bacterial attack, nutritional deviance, and stress as well as other forms of emotional imbalance; in short, life-style as a whole. Optimal health is achieved by cultivating mental and physical habits that are conducive to physical and spiritual well-being, and treatment often includes diet and the development of positive attitudes.

Q. What prompted you to learn Ayurveda?
personal experience inspired me to learn more about Ayurveda.

Q. How does it look at health?
A Actually, health is something natural. Disease is unnatural. There cannot be any disease if you live a natural life and health comes to you naturally. Ayurveda aims at attaining health, not fighting disease. Ayurveda is just like a candle. Just as light dispels darkness, ayurveda gets rid of ill health.

Q. Can Ayurveda claims superiority over other systems of medicine?
A. When we think of modern medicine it has negative signs because it gives more importance to disease and treatment with drugs. Each system has got its own part to do offer in the field of health. So I cannot make any comparison.

Q. In what way does it differ from allopathy?
A. For the treatment, Ayurvedic physicians, at least the old generation people, emphasis pathya

Modern medicine, as the name indicates, deals with medicine. The ‘cure’ in nature cure also refers to this. The emphasis is laid on diseases and their remedial measures. Health is referred to accidentally. Ayurveda on the other hand, does not lay emphasis on ‘somehow remedying the disease’. The effort is to attain health to remedy ailments. You cannot evaluate health apart from the patient. (regimen). In the modern medical colleges, most of the time they teach about the disease. But, in Ayurveda colleges all the diseases are explained from the point of view of health. They emphasise the positive aspects of life. Medicine does not cure any disease. But medicine will assist the regimen in curing the disease.

Q. Panchabhutas and Tridhosha principles are central to ayurveda. Please explain these principles?
A. We evaluate the world around us through five senses. How you understand all these things around you is through panchabhutas.

Human body is composed of the five basic elements (bhutas) namely solid, liquid, gas, energy and space. Tridosha theory explains the functional aspect of the human body. Actually human body is miniature form of the universe. Whatever is there in the universe, it is in our body also in a condensed form. Actually, it cannot be apart from the universe. The structural aspect of body is explained by panchabhutha theory.

Pathogenic factors in the body are vata, pitta and kapha (tridoshas) while those of the mind are rajas and tamas. All these pathogenic factors have their actions in the body both jointly and individually. It is not that the pathogenic factors are only to vata, pitta and kapha. By permutation and combination, these factors take in numerable forms.

I think ayurveda and modern medicine differ here. Modern medicine gives more importance to structure through x-ray, scanning and other things. But ayurveda gives importance to function. When everything functions properly, it is health. When there is some difference or difficulty in the function, ill-health is caused. That is why symptoms are given more importance in ayurveda. Actually, symptoms are the language through which the body explains its condition.

The body expresses its condition through various symptoms. If you understand the symptoms you can actually understand the function/condition of the body.

Q. How does Ayurveda create immunity in an individual?
A. You cannot create immunity. Ayurveda assists in strengthening immunity through various systems of the body. In Ayurveda, the immune system is denoted by the term bala and ojas. Here the term bala does not stand for mere bodily strength. It denotes vitality and stamina. It is the net result of healthy life and healthy circumstances where all the systems of he body work efficiently and the tissues of the body are pure and properly nourished.

Healthy thoughts and conditions of the mind such as love, equanimity, generosity, truthfulness and controlled sex life sustain it.

There are certain medicines in ayurveda, which give immunity against diseases.

Suppose there is a disease/condition that can be temporarily replaced by giving certain medicine. You can prevent the disease condition by making the system alert against disease attack. Through medicine alone you cannot create immunity. Everything depends on lifestyle. That is the main thing. Suppose a man is dying, you cannot revive him by giving medicine.

Q. Ayurveda has lots of myths in it? What are your comments?
A. There is no myth at all in ayurveda. In fact, ayurvedas is a science - science of life and longevity. There is no need to make it more scientific. They give a definition to science from the standpoint of modern medicine and they want to assess ayurveda accordingly. That is difficult. Can you assess English language from the standpoint of Sanskrit grammar?

Q. AIDS continues to kill people. Ayurveda has the potential to cure AIDS, How do you see the situation?
A Yes, I have treated 4 patients infected with AIDS. You can eliminate all the symptoms. But you cannot completely eliminate the HIV virus as long as there is some conductive condition, which helps it to survive.

AYURVEDA – IN MY VIEW
Beginnings of Ayurveda
Ayurveda is said to be anadi, beginingless, in the texts, as a particular period cannot be ascribed when it began, before which there was no Ayurveda. Preservation of life is the primary concern of all thing beings, animals, birds, reptiles, even plants, creepers etc. as can be observed very closely. The Vedas are the earliest literature available in India. They are codification of the experiences, experiments, and explanations in matter concerning life of the primitive peoples of Bharatha that is India, an area of land with Himalayas in the North, the Indian Ocean in the South, with the Arabian Sea in the West and the Gulf of Bengal in the East. It is said to extend up to the modern Afghanistan, which was known as Gandhara, he land of Gandhari the mother of the Kouravas, Duryodhana and his hundred brothers. It was not a political unit, but an extension of land with people of various customs and manners of life. Actually it may seem that the area between the Himalayas in the north and the Vindhya ranges in the South was the habitat of the Vedic people, with their culture and civilization, with a language from which Sanskrit originated with aberrations as local dialects. The land was called Aryavartha, the land South of it was called Dakshinapatha. Dakshinapatha had a language from which modern Tamil and the dialects of the south originated. It is claimed that the culture and civilization of the people is something thoroughly different from that of the Northern. But a study of literature will reveal that there was much in common in ideas and expression between the two civilizations. A study of Thirukkural, a classic text of the Tamilians will surely reveal it. Siddha vaidya, the particular medical system vogue in Tamilnadu has more or less the same fundamental principals based on the Panchabhutha, tridosha theories and practices of ayurveda, which find mention in Thirukkural. Thirukkural has many Sanskrit words. Some pundits of Tamilnadu claim that the siddhavaidya with Tamil culture was the original, which spread up to the Himalayas, formed the basis of Ayurveda, and Sanskrit language. The fact that can be inferred from all these arguments is that the people of the area of land, from the Himalaya to the Indian Ocean, have more or less a common heritage. Ayurveda is an aspect of that heritage.

Ayurveda is a natural system of medicine. In the Atharvaveda there are certain hymns, in which mention is made of the beasts, bids, and snakes knowing medicine. Naturalists can observe animals bringing and eating some particular herb by instinct when they are not well. In the list of such birds and animals man also is included and mention is made of the physician, also, prescribing medicine. Man naturally endowed with intelligence in addition to instinct, surely thought on the knowledge gained by experiences and observations. In the texts, how experiences can be experimented and conclusions can be arrived are explained. All these can be taken as the origin of Ayurveda, as can be understand from the texts. The early texts are which all these things are documented are extant and the texts now available are redactions of the original ones.

The system of studying Ayurveda was in the form of ‘teacher to the student method’ (Gurusishya-parampara-sampradaya). Students from Bharatha went to the other parts of the universe in search of knowledge. It is said in the texts that selected students went from Bharatha were sent to Svarga (heaven) where there were efficient scholars and physicians. The lord of Swarga, Indra, was an efficient scholar, teacher and practitioner of Ayurveda. The earliest teacher mentioned in the texts is Brahma. His heredity is not known. Some take BrahmaCharaka, Susrutha and Vagbhata form even now the basis of teaching, practising, experimenting and researching in Ayurveda, through out the world. Many texts are written, through the centuries, even now to make the system up to date. Vagbhata the latest of the acharyas says in his text that he is trying to make the system up to date, suitable to the times (yuganuroopa). The changes are only in application, not in principles, as their validity is vouched by experiences through the ages. The texts contain and explain all aspects of treatment, medicine and surgery, though through negligence and negative conditions, much of it is lost in actual practice, for example, surgery. Actually the words Ayurveda became, used when the knowledge and practices gained by observation and experiences and experiments were co-related and codified as a system of medicine. Ayurveda means the knowledge of life, how to live easily and happily, avoiding disease and unhappiness. Body is the instrument of action for realization of the values of life. Particular attention is to maintain the safety and efficiency of the body, perfecting health, avoiding illness, healing when ill. Much importance is given to curative measures, as arogya meaning health denotes. Arogya means, cured of disease, roga. Actually the term health also means the same thing, as it is devised from the term heal to cure. Perhaps it is disease that forced man to think of health.

Ayurveda has been said as a herbal system of medicine even though animal products and minerals also are used for medicine. Whatever used as food to nourish the body, can be used as medicine, as medicine is mostly corrective in nature, disease being an observation in the systematic working of the system, caused by faulty habits of diet etc. Herbs being the natural sources of food of the human beings, though animal items are included by a section of the people. Mineral materials, which are not digested and assimilated in their natural form are refined and processed for use as medicines. The system using minerals, as medicine is known siddhavaidya, as the basic principles of siddhavaidya are mainly and mostly Ayurvedic, it can be considered as an off shoot of Ayurveda. Siddhavaidya uses herbs in the process of preparation of medicines, and as adjunct to the mineral treatment. as the creator of the universe, and consider the basic knowledge of sustaining life-Ayurveda, inherently originated with the universe. When creatures were created, they were granted with instinct to preserve themselves, with readily available herbs also created with them. It became a system of knowledge, when inferred ideas became systematically codified. As it is natural, the system of treatment based on this knowledge is prevailing even now, in essential aspects. The earliest texts, as available today

The philosophy of Ayurveda is natural, as it considers nature as the prime aspect of life. Inspect of diversity of everything, it is unitary in action and effect. The various articles of food, if analyzed, can be understood to contain various ingredients with diverse properties and particulars, but as food, the action is unitary in sustaining and maintaining the systems. The human body has various organs each with particular functions and aspects, in maintaining particular system. But the system as a whole is the holistic effect of all the particular systems properly working. The lungs, the heart, the liver, the kidneys etc. have particular functions, but they collectively work in providing and maintaining the cumulative effect, health. For the efficient working of the whole system, each particular system has to work efficiently, coordinating and co-operating. This is the concept of health, in Ayurveda. In disease a particular organ or system is out of order and it disturbs cooperative functioning of all the organs and systems. All these depend on the style, and conditions and circumstances of life. When something is wrong some where, the balance is lost, where the other things also automatically fail, resulting in disease. So treatment is corrective in nature in the style and circumstances of life. Any set of medication assists nature in its curative effect. Even without medicine sometimes, disease may be cured by correcting the lifestyle but never with medicine along. Particular disease may seem to be ameliorating by medicine, but the morbid condition of the system remains, ensuring disease in the some or other form. At times it may be in a more severe form, as a result of the deceased vitality caused by the previous disease, and medicines used, as the faults of life style remains. The experience in formulating the strategies for ‘Health for all in 2000 AD’ clearly indicates this. The effort was to provide effective medicine, to all patients even in the remotest areas of the State. The effort was disease oriented. The result was more disease, more serious in nature, as that primary cause of all diseases; the defective life style was not at all taken into consideration. The treatment has to be health oriented, providing the basics of a healthy life, corrected life style, medicine just to assist the system in its process of returning to its natural condition of health. That is the basic approach of Ayurveda. It is said in the texts, that it is the cause of health and disease, life styles, proper for health and improper for disease. In health every system of the body functions properly, maintaining the balance of all the biological aspects of the system, manifesting ‘symptoms’ of well being. In disease some particular system is affected, upsetting the balance of the whole system, manifesting particular symptoms of uneasiness, differentiating particular disease.

The world view: We understand the world around us through our senses, hearing, touching, seeing, testing and smelling. Each sense grasps one quality (guna) sound etc. The qualities cannot exist independently. Each quality has its own matter (dravya). As we have five senses, there has to be five basic qualities (gunas) and five kinds of basic matters (dravyas). These primary aspects of matter are called bhoothas. The bhoothas combine to from the various subjects of the universe. As all objects can be heard, touched, seen, tasted and smelt, they are said to be composed of the five bhoothas, the difference in sound produced etc. is due to the difference in the proportion and arrangement of the bhoothas, in the composition of the particular object. In some object some quality may be latent, not grasped by the particular sense organ, for example, gold is not smelt or tasted. But as the properties ascribed to the bhoothas, which have smell and taste also are evident, when gold is processed and used as medicine, with its benefits. So it is reasoned that it is composed of those bhoothas also. The primary thing is that the particular properties of the various objects to be used as food and medicine have to be properly understood for effective and beneficial application. These are explained in the texts as to what are what, and which is which. The question how is also explained, but the question ‘why’ is tried to be explained by reasoning which may cause differences in opinions. The primary thing to be known of a raw material is how they act and what do they effect in the system when applied as food and medicine. This kind of knowledge can be gained only by observation, and experiments. The texts codify the practical and theoretical knowledge obtained and verified through the ages. Whatever said in the texts is vouched even today. It is not the disease and its medicine. Treatment is actually rectifying the morbid condition, condition of the system caused by unhealthy habits and circumstances of life. By adhering to healthy life style, in diet and habits the disease denoting the morbid condition is primarily cured. Medicine and treatment assist the system to regain its normal condition. The problem with modern day treatment is the undue importance given to medicine, neglecting the aspects of life style. We can see the programme, Health for all by 2000 AD failed, as we see today, to achieve the goal, because the question of life style was ignored and medicine is given all the importance. Health is the result of proper psychic conditions also, perhaps even more than the physical conditions and that aspect was also disregarded. The amelioration of the symptoms was considered to the cure of disease. It was forgotten in actual practice that the symptoms are not the disease; they just indicate that something is wrong in the system. By medicine, the symptoms can be suppressed, but only by correcting the style and circumstances of life, the system can be functionally and structurally corrected, ensuring health.

Ayurveda has its theory on the working of the system. If we analayse the biological aspects of the system, each and every tissue of the body, is disintegrated and reintegrated. The various internal organs cooperate in their way in this process of disintegration and integration. There has to be a coordinating factor in all the processes, controlling the various functions in this regard. These three basic aspects of sustaining and maintaining the system are technically termed doshas. The word dosha has a two-fold meaning, that which instigates proper function in proper conditions of life, and that pollutes the tissue and disturbs the various functions of the various systems of the “system”. In proper life style, the instigation of the doshas ensures health. When the conditions of life changes and is improper, the instigation changes, the balance of the system is lost leading to disease. The manifestation, health as well as disease, brings out various symptoms, which denote the prevailing conditions. The symptoms of health denote ease, pleasantness mentally and physically. In disease, as the term itself denotes, the ease is lost and symptoms indicate unpleasantness, pain. In health, we forget that there is a body, as everything is natural. In health, we do not actually feel that we are breathing or seeing. In disease, when the process of breathing is disturbed, we feel it as symptoms of pain, blurred vision, smelling etc. Then we think of the eyes, think of taking remedy. This is because health is natural, and disease is unnatural and artificial conditions of life, that too instinctively, begets disease. Artificial conditions of life promotes, artificial functioning of the system, and that is disease. The three doshas are vatha (Promoting) pittha (digesting) and kapha (nourishing).

The various kind of tissues, (dhathus) are replenished in the course of metabolism. It is a kind of digestion. The nutritional part is assimilated; the residue is left for elimination, through various channels of elimination. With faulty diet, lack of exercise etc. the system of metabolism is upset. If the metabolic waste is not properly eliminated, it accumulates in a putrified form in the various tissues and organs and channels upsetting the balance of the doshas, so that the systemic and systematic biological functions upset, and the result is, disease. Treatment is to correct all these aspects. First the prime cause, the faulty life style has to be corrected, to correct the metabolic and eliminatory functions. In most cases, by just correcting the life style all other corrections are naturally effect, and health is regained. All these corrections are attributed to the natural vitality of the system, which is termed as ojas and bala. The vital energy itself depends on the styles and conditions of life. With a long course of faulty style and conditions of life, vitality becomes weak necessitating some assistance in the form of medicine. The treatment in Ayurveda is essentially to regain the vital strength and then the accumulated waste has to be eliminated to make the dhathus pure. If the accumulation is too much, it has to be cleared by evacuative treatments, sodhana chikitsa, known as panchakarma. If it is not so much, it can be transformed by medicine, and is be easily eliminated in the natural course of the system by treatments known as samana chikitsa. Samana chikitsa ignites the vital fire, the agni, performing digestion and metabolism. A man with good and natural digestive functions with a correct life style seldom gets diseased, and if by clearance of omissions and commissions, gets diseased, it can be easily corrected and, cured with some simple medication. It is in essence the Ayurvedic approach to health and disease. The virus, bacteria etc. will fail to act in such a constitution, will get digested and eliminated in the course of digestion and metabolism, and in certain persons, they remain to some period, but without being able to do any havoc in the system, such persons are called carriers. They too naturally perish, in course of time, the systemic conditions being unfavorable for their existence.

The treatment with medicines is yukthivyapasraya, the rational application of drugs. There is a branch of medicine, with repentance, invoking the blessings of the Gods. Ayurveda considers sin, ‘papa’ as the basic cause for all kinds of sufferings. Primarily sin is the result of certain actions, which we have done previously with faulty intension, causing harm to other people, at times not performing our duties. The papa need not be committed in the present birth; it may be in a previous birth. Ayurveda accepts the theory of rebirth, to sustain the concept that every effect has to have its particular cause. Various kinds of prayer and propitiations of the Gods are presented in the texts to ameliorate sin. Texts elucidated sins as three fold, with deeds, words and thoughts, which are all inclusive of life. Virtue (punya) is the primary cause of all happiness. Sin hinders discretion, as a result of which good and bad are not differentiated, ensuing harmful changes occur in the life style. A perturbed mind disturbs the mechanism of the proper working of the system, which results in disease. The opposite is the case of virtue, (punya), which results in health. To achieve, maintain, and regain happiness in the form of health, one has to be essentially virtuous in all aspects of life.

The third aspect of treatment is the control of the mind. Agitated mind agitates all aspects of the whole system. Without a calm and quite mind, the intellect will not function properly, which results in indiscretion, discerning the bad and the good. Association with good and wise people, reading good books, scriptural texts, practicing methods of controlling the mind, meditation, discrimination etc. assist in controlling the mind. We can see that Ayurveda is perhaps the only system of medicine where all these aspects of life are clearly explained and advised in maintaining health and curing diseases. It makes the system of Ayurveda truly holistic, compressing all aspects of practical life and living. The trend in modern medicine, even in modern ayurveda which tries to imitate modern medicine in the name of science usually adhere only to the medicinal aspects of treatment, ignoring perhaps the more important other two aspects. For the medicinal aspects to be essentially successful, the other two aspects have to be thoroughly comprehended and basically applied. Ayurveda is said to eternal because of its holistic approach, which is natural in natural conditions. Against nature nothing will persevere; that is the lesson of history.

Strength of Ayurveda: The theories and practices of Ayurveda strictly adhere to the laws of nature. The panchabhootha theory is derived from the laws of nature with regard to the structural aspects of the substance, used as food and medicine. Tridosha theory is mainly derived from the functional aspects of the system in response to the conditions and circumstances of life. The plants from which the drugs are obtained, also germinate grow and perish in their circumstance. The thridoshasiddhantta can be applied to explain these phenomena. The body has its own structure, which has to be explained from the standpoint of the panchabhootha theory. Even the doshas, the basic functional units of the system are explained as constituted of the bhoothas. So we can find that the theories and practices of Ayurveda all pervasive in nature. In spite of many historical reasons and even ceturies of neglect Ayurveda still exists with practitioners of the old generations, like me with no knowledge of the modern methods of diagnosis and practices, curing many a time, even the diseases not cured by the expert treatments of the modern medicine. Advanced researches in ayurveda are being carried out through out the civilized and scientifically advanced countries of the world. Medicines can be mostly from herbs naturally available. The processes of preparing medicine are mostly like that of food items. In Ayurveda, health is natural food is natural, disease is natural, and medicine also is natural in their given conditions. The natural life style naturally promotes health, while unnatural life style also naturally promotes disease. So to cure disease and regain health, the main thing to do is mainly to correct the life style, medicine is just a helping hand or hasthalamba as the word is used in the texts. This is perhaps a common sense view of the whole problem. Bereft of commonsense, the explanations will not be easily and correctly comprehended. And it is perhaps the traditional view. In addition it is actually the outcome of the experiences and experiments of centuries. So if properly understood and applied, for times yet to come it will serve its purpose of sustaining and maintaining health. Any system of treatment, entirely ignoring these fundamental aspects of life and nature, cannot succeed in its fundamentals purpose, as is evident from the conditions of modern society, which is said to be with less mortality but with more morbidity. Mortality is less because of advances made in emergency management with advances made in surgery particularly. Morbidity is more are to the neglect in respect to life style--eating, exercising, resting, sexual matters, moral aspects, reacting, thinking, sense pleasures, controlling emotion etc.. Particularly in indulging in bad habits like drinking, smoking, using narcotics, with paying scant attention to these matters with highly powerful medicines applied weakening the immune system. In modern medicine, it seems, more stress is given to medicine, without much importance to these kinds of harmful habits, which actually is the basis of disease, making the system as whole, vulnerable to disease. It is said that many modern diseases are iatrogenic in origin, caused by medicine. With a little common sense most of problems of health can be avoided and solved. The strength of Ayurveda which has a common sense view of treatment, is the emphasis given to avoid all these bad habits of life, to ensure good habits, as prescribed regimen as a part of treatment (pathya). Pathya is avoiding habits inimical to the system ensuring habits conducive to health. Then medicines logically selected and applied; work properly and easily, correcting the metabolic and other aberrations of the system. In ayurveda cure is not enforced by treatment, but induced from inside, endogenic.

Weakness of ayuveda: The weakness of modern Ayurveda is that in its study and application, it seems its holistic approach is neglected Ayurveda has shrank as just a kind of medication like allopathy, homeopathy etc.. Modern science is considered the science and modern medicine, the medicine, In trying to adjust to the standards of modern science and modern medicine, the philosophic content is lost, man as such is ignored, and considered as a group of organs, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys etc. They are thought to work independently, without any coordination. The coordinating factor the soul is not understood, not considered in judging health or disease. That may be the result of modern education, modern concept of existence. The parts collected together do not make the whole. If we adhere to the fundamental aspects, the particular aspects will be automatically taken care of. By taking care of the system as a whole, the parts will be taken care of automatically. The weakness of modern ayurveda is that it is trying to imitate modern medicine. Original Ayurveda, with its holistic, wholesome approach is being lost. Perhaps that may be the result of modern education, modern concepts of existence, I think, in spite of all these problem understood and beneficently practiced, if the fundamental aspects are properly imbibed, adjusted to the prevailing conditions of existence.

Conclusion: It is recorded history that even up to surgery according to Ayurveda, was being practiced in various parts of India. During the period of about two hundred years of British rule, Ayurveda was neglected and modern medicine was encouraged in every way. But something of the original, Ayurveda, still remains in practices, because of its benefits, and even that works wonders, many a time. In the course of history, many good practices vanished in the current of change, but at times, nothing better does take shape. In the case of Ayurveda there is a chance of resurrection, as it has not thoroughly vanished, and as a thoroughly better system has not emerged. So from what has remained, with proper understanding and application, a revival is possible now, we see a general change in the attitude of the people. There is a trend in the higher level of scientists to turn to traditional systems as alternative medicine. The thought of alternative arises when the prevalent system fails to meet the challenges of life. So I think, there is real hope for the revival of ayurveda, in a better shape to meet the challenges of modern life.

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